<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

<!--XBRL Document Created with Wdesk from Workiva-->
<!--Copyright 2021 Workiva-->
<!--r:c5a0a3fb-3fff-4206-b83d-31088152a01e,g:78c7fea5-b4e3-40b0-a9a0-b197701560e9-->
<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:exdx="http://www.exagen.com/20210930" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.exagen.com/20210930">
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2021-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2021/elts/srt-2021-01-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2021-01-31" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2021/elts/us-gaap-2021-01-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd"/>
  <xs:import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2021/dei-2021.xsd"/>
  <xs:annotation>
    <xs:appinfo>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="exdx-20210930_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="exdx-20210930_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="exdx-20210930_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:linkbaseRef xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:href="exdx-20210930_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:type="simple"/>
      <link:roleType id="Cover" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/Cover">
        <link:definition>0001001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CondensedBalanceSheets" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/CondensedBalanceSheets">
        <link:definition>1001002 - Statement - Condensed Balance Sheets</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CondensedBalanceSheetsParenthetical" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/CondensedBalanceSheetsParenthetical">
        <link:definition>1002003 - Statement - Condensed Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="UnauditedCondensedStatementsofOperations" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/UnauditedCondensedStatementsofOperations">
        <link:definition>1003004 - Statement - Unaudited Condensed Statements of Operations</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="UnauditedCondensedStatementsofStockholdersEquity" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/UnauditedCondensedStatementsofStockholdersEquity">
        <link:definition>1004005 - Statement - Unaudited Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="UnauditedCondensedStatementsofStockholdersEquityParenthetical" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/UnauditedCondensedStatementsofStockholdersEquityParenthetical">
        <link:definition>1005006 - Statement - Unaudited Condensed Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="UnauditedStatementsofCashFlows" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/UnauditedStatementsofCashFlows">
        <link:definition>1006007 - Statement - Unaudited Statements of Cash Flows</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Organization" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/Organization">
        <link:definition>2101101 - Disclosure - Organization</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OrganizationDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/OrganizationDetails">
        <link:definition>2402401 - Disclosure - Organization - (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPolicies" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPolicies">
        <link:definition>2103102 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesPolicies">
        <link:definition>2204201 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Policies)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesTables">
        <link:definition>2305301 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesRevenuebyMajorPayersDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesRevenuebyMajorPayersDetails">
        <link:definition>2406402 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Revenue by Major Payers (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2407403 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesDisaggregationofRevenueDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesDisaggregationofRevenueDetails">
        <link:definition>2408404 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Disaggregation of Revenue (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesCashcashequivalentsandrestrictedcashDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesCashcashequivalentsandrestrictedcashDetails">
        <link:definition>2409405 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesSecuritiesDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SummaryofSignificantAccountingPoliciesSecuritiesDetails">
        <link:definition>2410406 - Disclosure - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies - Securities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherFinancialInformation" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/OtherFinancialInformation">
        <link:definition>2111103 - Disclosure - Other Financial Information</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherFinancialInformationTables" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/OtherFinancialInformationTables">
        <link:definition>2312302 - Disclosure - Other Financial Information - (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherFinancialInformationPrepaidexpensesDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/OtherFinancialInformationPrepaidexpensesDetails">
        <link:definition>2413407 - Disclosure - Other Financial Information - Prepaid expenses (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherFinancialInformationPropertyandequipmentDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/OtherFinancialInformationPropertyandequipmentDetails">
        <link:definition>2414408 - Disclosure - Other Financial Information - Property and equipment (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherFinancialInformationNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/OtherFinancialInformationNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2415409 - Disclosure - Other Financial Information - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="OtherFinancialInformationAccruedandothercurrentliabilitiesDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/OtherFinancialInformationAccruedandothercurrentliabilitiesDetails">
        <link:definition>2416410 - Disclosure - Other Financial Information - Accrued and other current liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Borrowings" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/Borrowings">
        <link:definition>2117104 - Disclosure - Borrowings</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BorrowingsTables" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/BorrowingsTables">
        <link:definition>2318303 - Disclosure - Borrowings - (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BorrowingsNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/BorrowingsNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2419411 - Disclosure - Borrowings - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="BorrowingsFutureminimumpaymentsDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/BorrowingsFutureminimumpaymentsDetails">
        <link:definition>2420412 - Disclosure - Borrowings - Future minimum payments (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentandContingencies" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/CommitmentandContingencies">
        <link:definition>2121105 - Disclosure - Commitment and Contingencies</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="CommitmentandContingenciesNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/CommitmentandContingenciesNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2422413 - Disclosure - Commitment and Contingencies - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurements" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/FairValueMeasurements">
        <link:definition>2123106 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsTables" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables">
        <link:definition>2324304 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="FairValueMeasurementsDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetails">
        <link:definition>2425414 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockholdersEquity" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockholdersEquity">
        <link:definition>2126107 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockholdersEquityTables" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockholdersEquityTables">
        <link:definition>2327305 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockholdersEquityNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockholdersEquityNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2428415 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockholdersEquityDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockholdersEquityDetails">
        <link:definition>2429416 - Disclosure - Stockholders' Equity (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockOptionPlan" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockOptionPlan">
        <link:definition>2130108 - Disclosure - Stock Option Plan</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockOptionPlanTables" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockOptionPlanTables">
        <link:definition>2331306 - Disclosure - Stock Option Plan (Tables)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockOptionPlanNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockOptionPlanNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2432417 - Disclosure - Stock Option Plan - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockOptionPlanStockOptionActivityDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockOptionPlanStockOptionActivityDetails">
        <link:definition>2433418 - Disclosure - Stock Option Plan - Stock Option Activity (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockOptionPlanRestrictedStockUnitsDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockOptionPlanRestrictedStockUnitsDetails">
        <link:definition>2434419 - Disclosure - Stock Option Plan - Restricted Stock Units (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockOptionPlanFairValueAssumptionsDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockOptionPlanFairValueAssumptionsDetails">
        <link:definition>2435420 - Disclosure - Stock Option Plan - Fair Value Assumptions (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="StockOptionPlanStockBasedCompensationExpenseDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/StockOptionPlanStockBasedCompensationExpenseDetails">
        <link:definition>2436421 - Disclosure - Stock Option Plan - Stock-Based Compensation Expense (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Covid19" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/Covid19">
        <link:definition>2137109 - Disclosure - Covid-19</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="Covid19Details" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/Covid19Details">
        <link:definition>2438422 - Disclosure - Covid-19 (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SubsequentEvents" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SubsequentEvents">
        <link:definition>2139110 - Disclosure - Subsequent Events</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
      <link:roleType id="SubsequentEventsNarrativeDetails" roleURI="http://www.exagen.com/role/SubsequentEventsNarrativeDetails">
        <link:definition>2440423 - Disclosure - Subsequent Events - Narrative (Details)</link:definition>
        <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
        <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
      </link:roleType>
    </xs:appinfo>
  </xs:annotation>
  <xs:element id="exdx_AHNCollaborationMember" abstract="true" name="AHNCollaborationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ReceivableBenchmarkMember" abstract="true" name="ReceivableBenchmarkMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_CollaborationAgreementCollaborationExpenses" abstract="false" name="CollaborationAgreementCollaborationExpenses" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ExpirationSep72024Member" abstract="true" name="ExpirationSep72024Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_DebtInstrumentPaidInKindLoansIssued" abstract="false" name="DebtInstrumentPaidInKindLoansIssued" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OperatingLeaseMonthlyBaseRent" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeaseMonthlyBaseRent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPremiumPercentage" abstract="false" name="DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPremiumPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardVestingPeriodNumberOfAnnualInstallments" abstract="false" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardVestingPeriodNumberOfAnnualInstallments" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:integerItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OfficeMember" abstract="true" name="OfficeMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_RentalPropertyByTypeAxis" abstract="true" name="RentalPropertyByTypeAxis" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrldt:dimensionItem" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_BlueShieldMember" abstract="true" name="BlueShieldMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_JointVentureTerminationConsiderationReceivable" abstract="false" name="JointVentureTerminationConsiderationReceivable" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_UnitedHealthcareMember" abstract="true" name="UnitedHealthcareMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OtherFinancialInformationAbstract" abstract="true" name="OtherFinancialInformationAbstract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:stringItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_LongTermDebtUndiscountedInterestAmount" abstract="false" name="LongTermDebtUndiscountedInterestAmount" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_LicenseAgreementInitialLicenseFee" abstract="false" name="LicenseAgreementInitialLicenseFee" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_JanssenSIMPONIMember" abstract="true" name="JanssenSIMPONIMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OperatingLeasesRenewalTerm" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeasesRenewalTerm" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPremiumPercentageAnnualReduction" abstract="false" name="DebtInstrumentPrepaymentPremiumPercentageAnnualReduction" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_PaycheckProtectionProgramCARESActMember" abstract="true" name="PaycheckProtectionProgramCARESActMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_MedicareMember" abstract="true" name="MedicareMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_JointVentureQuarterlyPromotionFee" abstract="false" name="JointVentureQuarterlyPromotionFee" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_HealthcareInsurersMember" abstract="true" name="HealthcareInsurersMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_RentalPropertyByTypeDomain" abstract="true" name="RentalPropertyByTypeDomain" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_DebtInstrumentStatedInterestRatePaidInKind" abstract="false" name="DebtInstrumentStatedInterestRatePaidInKind" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_CoronavirusAidReliefAndEconomicSecuritiesCARESActDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" abstract="false" name="CoronavirusAidReliefAndEconomicSecuritiesCARESActDeferredTaxAssetsValuationAllowance" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_JointVentureQuarterlyPromotionFeePerPrescription" abstract="false" name="JointVentureQuarterlyPromotionFeePerPrescription" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ExchangingStockholdersMember" abstract="true" name="ExchangingStockholdersMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_CollaborationAgreementAnnualCollaborationFee" abstract="false" name="CollaborationAgreementAnnualCollaborationFee" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_DebtInstrumentCovenantNonComplianceInterestRateIncreaseDecrease" abstract="false" name="DebtInstrumentCovenantNonComplianceInterestRateIncreaseDecrease" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_Government1Member" abstract="true" name="Government1Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ExpirationApr12026Member" abstract="true" name="ExpirationApr12026Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OfficeSpaceMember" abstract="true" name="OfficeSpaceMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipmentAndAccruedLiabilitiesTextBlock" abstract="false" name="PrepaidExpensesAndOtherCurrentAssetsPropertyPlantAndEquipmentAndAccruedLiabilitiesTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_IncentiveAwardPlan2019Member" abstract="true" name="IncentiveAwardPlan2019Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_Term2017Member" abstract="true" name="Term2017Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_LaboratoryEquipmentMember" abstract="true" name="LaboratoryEquipmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ProceedsFromGovernmentAssistance" abstract="false" name="ProceedsFromGovernmentAssistance" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_InnovatusLifeSciencesLendingFundMember" abstract="true" name="InnovatusLifeSciencesLendingFundMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_HeadquartersMember" abstract="true" name="HeadquartersMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_RoyaltyObligationPercentageOfSales" abstract="false" name="RoyaltyObligationPercentageOfSales" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_LongTermDebtIncludingUndiscountedInterest" abstract="false" name="LongTermDebtIncludingUndiscountedInterest" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OfficeAndLaboratoryMember" abstract="true" name="OfficeAndLaboratoryMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_PurchaseObligationAnnualIncreaseInCommitmentPercentage" abstract="false" name="PurchaseObligationAnnualIncreaseInCommitmentPercentage" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ComputerEquipmentAndSoftwareMember" abstract="true" name="ComputerEquipmentAndSoftwareMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_MedicareAdvantageMember" abstract="true" name="MedicareAdvantageMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_AssetsUnderCapitalLeaseMember" abstract="true" name="AssetsUnderCapitalLeaseMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_EquipmentPurchasedUnderCapitalLease" abstract="false" name="EquipmentPurchasedUnderCapitalLease" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_PrometheusLaboratoriesIncMember" abstract="true" name="PrometheusLaboratoriesIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_PrepaidMaintenanceAndInsuranceContracts" abstract="false" name="PrepaidMaintenanceAndInsuranceContracts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_CapitalRoyaltyPartnersIILPMember" abstract="true" name="CapitalRoyaltyPartnersIILPMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_CoronavirusAidReliefAndEconomicSecuritiesCARESActDeferredTaxAssetsIncomeTaxBenefit" abstract="false" name="CoronavirusAidReliefAndEconomicSecuritiesCARESActDeferredTaxAssetsIncomeTaxBenefit" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OperatingLeaseMonthlyBaseRentFirstIncrease" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeaseMonthlyBaseRentFirstIncrease" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ExpirationDec72025Member" abstract="true" name="ExpirationDec72025Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfWarrantsExercised" abstract="false" name="ClassOfWarrantOrRightNumberOfWarrantsExercised" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercisedNet" abstract="false" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueWarrantsExercisedNet" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercisedNet" abstract="false" name="StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesWarrantsExercisedNet" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OperatingLeaseTermOfContract" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeaseTermOfContract" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:durationItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_DebtInstrumentCovenantComplianceMinimumUnrestrictedCashBalance" abstract="false" name="DebtInstrumentCovenantComplianceMinimumUnrestrictedCashBalance" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_OperatingLeaseAnnualIncreaseInBaseRentPaymentPercent" abstract="false" name="OperatingLeaseAnnualIncreaseInBaseRentPaymentPercent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_AdvancePayment" abstract="false" name="AdvancePayment" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpenseAndCurrentOtherAssets" abstract="false" name="IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidExpenseAndCurrentOtherAssets" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ExchangeAgreementNumberOfSharesExchangedForWarrants" abstract="false" name="ExchangeAgreementNumberOfSharesExchangedForWarrants" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:sharesItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_AccruedPurchaseGoodsAndServicesCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedPurchaseGoodsAndServicesCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ExpirationMar312026Member" abstract="true" name="ExpirationMar312026Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_StockIssuanceCosts" abstract="false" name="StockIssuanceCosts" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_AlleghenyHealthNetworkResearchInstituteMember" abstract="true" name="AlleghenyHealthNetworkResearchInstituteMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_JanssenPromotionAgreementMember" abstract="true" name="JanssenPromotionAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_DeferredOfferingCostsReclassifiedToEquity" abstract="false" name="DeferredOfferingCostsReclassifiedToEquity" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_CoronavirusAidReliefAndEconomicSecuritiesCARESActDisclosureTextBlock" abstract="false" name="CoronavirusAidReliefAndEconomicSecuritiesCARESActDisclosureTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ClientMember" abstract="true" name="ClientMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_JointVentureQuarterlyPromotionFeeCappedAmountPercentageAboveBaseline" abstract="false" name="JointVentureQuarterlyPromotionFeeCappedAmountPercentageAboveBaseline" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:percentItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_TwoMajorSuppliersMember" abstract="true" name="TwoMajorSuppliersMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_AVISECTDTestMember" abstract="true" name="AVISECTDTestMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_AccruedLiabilitiesClinicalStudyCurrent" abstract="false" name="AccruedLiabilitiesClinicalStudyCurrent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_ExpirationJan192026Member" abstract="true" name="ExpirationJan192026Member" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
  <xs:element id="exdx_NoExpirationMember" abstract="true" name="NoExpirationMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" type="dtr-types:domainItemType"/>
</xs:schema>
